Mu bicuruzwa byinganda, ibyuma byuma bikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu yo kohereza amashanyarazi ibikoresho bitandukanye byubukanishi kubera imbaraga zayo nyinshi, kwihanganira kwambara no kurwanya umunaniro. Ubwiza bwayo bugira ingaruka itaziguye ubwiza nubuzima bwibikoresho. Kubwibyo, kugenzura ubuziranenge bwibyuma byingenzi ni ngombwa cyane. Iyo uhisemo, imbaraga zayo, ubukana hamwe no kwambara birwanya. Mbere yo gutunganya ibyuma byuma, dukeneye gusesengura imiterere yicyuma, ubukana, imiterere yimiti, nibindi bikoresho. Imiterere ya metallografiya hamwe nubukomezi bwibyuma byerekana ibikoresho byingenzi byerekana gusuzuma imiterere yubukanishi, ingaruka zo kuvura ubushyuhe nubuzima bwa serivisi. Isesengura ryibyuma hamwe nigeragezwa ryicyuma cyibikoresho bigomba gukurikiza byimazeyo inzira isanzwe, no gutegura gahunda yikizamini hashingiwe kubiranga ibintu n'imiterere y'akazi:
Ubwa mbere, isesengura ryibyuma. Imiterere ya metallografiya yibikoresho byuma bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa byayo, nkubujyakuzimu bwurwego rwa karburize, ingano yingano, ikwirakwizwa rya karbide, nibindi. Birakenewe kumenya intambwe zisesengura, nko gutoranya, gutegura icyitegererezo, kwangirika, hanyuma ukareba imiterere. Birashobora kandi kuba nkenerwa kuvuga ubwoko bwimyenda isanzwe, nka martensite, bainite, pearlite, nuburyo bwo gusuzuma niba izo nyama zujuje ubuziranenge.
Noneho haza ikizamini gikomeye. Ubukomezi bwibyuma bifitanye isano itaziguye no kwambara nimbaraga. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gupima ubukana burimo ubukana bwa Rockwell, ubukana bwa Brinell, ubukana bwa Vickers, kandi birashoboka ko hejuru ya Rockwell gukomera kubice bya karburize. Birakenewe gusobanura ibintu byakoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwo kwipimisha, nka Vickers cyangwa hejuru ya Rockwell kubice bya karubasi, na Brinell cyangwa Rockwell kubikomeye muri rusange. Muri icyo gihe, ibipimo by'ibizamini, nka ASTM cyangwa GB, hamwe no kwirinda mu gihe cy'ikizamini, nko guhitamo amanota y'ibizamini, kuvura hejuru, n'ibindi, bigomba kuvugwa.
Mbere yo gusesengura, dukeneye kubanza gukata no kwigana ibyuma byuma. Hasi dukoresha ibyuma byerekana ibyuma byerekana urugero nkurugero rwo kwerekana inzira yo gukata.
1. Kuramo igihangano hanyuma ukomye hamwe na clamp yihuse.
2. Nyuma yo gufunga urupapuro rwakazi, shyira ku gipfukisho gikingira.
3. Shiraho ibipimo byo gukata kuri ecran hanyuma utangire gahunda yo gukata
4. Fungura igifuniko cyo hejuru hanyuma ukuremo icyitegererezo cyaciwe kugirango urangize icyitegererezo cyo gukata.
Ingero zaciwe zirashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bukurikira bwo gutegura icyitegererezo nko gushiraho, gusya, no gusya, nyuma yikizamini cyo gukomera cyuma cyangwa isesengura ryibyuma.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-02-2025
