Igipimo cy'ubukana gikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gupima ubukana bw'icyuma gikozwe mu byuma bicuzwe n'icyuma gikozwe mu byuma bifite imiterere idahuye. Ubukana bw'icyuma gikozwe mu byuma bicuzwe n'icyuma cy'umukara gihuye neza n'igipimo cyo gukurura. Gishobora kandi gukoreshwa ku byuma bidafite feri n'icyuma cyoroshye, kandi umupira muto ushobora gupima ingano nto n'ibikoresho byoroshye.
Ubukomere bw'ikintu busobanura ubushobozi bw'ikintu mu guhangana n'ihindagurika ry'aho giherereye, cyane cyane ihindagurika rya pulasitiki, gucikamo ibice cyangwa gushwanyagurika, kandi ni kimwe mu bimenyetso by'ingenzi by'imikorere y'ibikoresho by'icyuma. Muri rusange, uko ubukomere burushaho kuba bwinshi, ni ko ubukomere burushaho kuba bwiza. Ni ikimenyetso cyo gupima uburyo bworoshye n'ubukomere bw'ibikoresho. Dukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima, ubukomere bugabanyijemo ubwoko butatu. Reka turebe buri kimwe muri byo:
Ubukomere bwo gushwanyaguza:
Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kugereranya ubworoherane n'ubukomere bw'amabuye y'agaciro atandukanye. Uburyo ni uguhitamo inkoni ifite impera imwe ikomeye n'indi yoroshye, gushyira ibikoresho bigomba kugeragezwa ku nkoni, no kumenya ubukomere bw'ibikoresho bigomba kugeragezwa hakurikijwe aho byakosowe. Mu buryo bw'imiterere, ibintu bikomeye bikora imishwarara miremire n'ibintu byoroshye bikora imishwarara migufi.
Ubukomere bwo gushyiramo ingufu:
Uburyo bukoreshwa cyane cyane mu bikoresho by'icyuma, ni ugukoresha umutwaro runaka kugira ngo ushyire agace kabigenewe mu bikoresho bigomba kugeragezwa, hanyuma ugereranye uburyo bworoshye n'ubukomere bw'ibikoresho bigomba kugeragezwa hakurikijwe ingano y'impinduka za pulasitiki ku buso bw'ibikoresho. Bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'impinduka, umutwaro n'igihe umutwaro umara, hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ubukomere bwo kwinjizwa, harimo cyane cyane ubukomere bwa Brinell, ubukomere bwa Rockwell, ubukomere bwa Vickers n'ubukomere buto.
Ubukomere bwo gusubira inyuma:
Uburyo bukoreshwa cyane cyane mu bikoresho by'icyuma, ni ugutuma inyundo ntoya idasanzwe igwa neza ivuye ku burebure runaka kugira ngo ikore ku rugero rw'ibikoresho bigomba kugeragezwa, kandi ikoreshe imbaraga z'uburemere zibitswe (nyuma zikarekurwa) mu rugero mu gihe cyo gupima uburebure bw'urujya n'uruza (binyuze mu kugarura inyundo nto) kugira ngo hamenyekane ubukana bw'ibikoresho.
Igikoresho cyo gupima ubukana cyakozwe na Shandong Shancai/Laizhou Laihua Testing Instrument ni ubwoko bw'igikoresho cyo gupima ubukana, kigaragaza ubushobozi bw'ibikoresho bwo kurwanya kwinjira kw'ibintu bikomeye mu buso bwabyo. Hari ubwoko bungana iki?
1. Igipimo cy'ubukomere bwa Brinell: Gikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gupima ubukomere bw'icyuma gishongeshejwe, icyuma, ibyuma bidafite feri n'ibindi bikoresho byoroshye. Ni uburyo bwo gupima ubukomere bwimbitse.
2. Igipimo cy'ubukana bwa Rockwell: Igipimo cy'ubukana bwa Rockwell gishobora gupima ubukana bw'icyuma gikoze ku gipimo ku ruhande rumwe. Gishingiye ku mbaraga za rukuruzi kugira ngo gihuze umutwe w'igipimo cy'ubukana bwa Rockwell ku buso bw'icyuma, kandi ntigikeneye gushyigikira icyitegererezo.
3. Ikimenyetso cy'ubukana bwa Vickers: Ikimenyetso cy'ubukana bwa Vickers ni igikoresho cy'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho gihuza ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Iyi mashini ifite imiterere mishya, yizewe neza, ikora neza kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo kuyikoresha. Ibikoresho byo gupima ubukana bwa S na Knoop.
4. Igipimo cy'ubukana bwa Brockwell: Igipimo cy'ubukana bwa Brockwell gikwiriye kumenya ubukana bw'ibyuma bya ferrous, ibyuma bidafite ferrous, alloys zikomeye, urwego rwa carburised n'urwego rwavuwe imiti.
5. Igipimo cy'ubukomere bw'icyuma: Igipimo cy'ubukomere bw'icyuma ni igikoresho cyo gupima neza imiterere y'ibikoresho by'icyuma mu mashini, ikoranabuhanga ry'ibyuma n'izindi nganda, kandi gikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye.
6. Ikigeragezo cy'Ubukomere bwa Leeb: Ihame ryayo ry'ibanze ni uko imiterere y'ikintu gifite uburemere runaka igira ingaruka ku buso bw'icyitegererezo munsi y'imbaraga runaka z'ikizamini, kandi igapima umuvuduko w'ingaruka n'umuvuduko wo gusubira inyuma kw'umubiri w'ikintu ku ntera ya mm 1 uvuye ku buso bw'icyitegererezo, hakoreshejwe amahame ya electromagnetic, voltage ijyanye n'umuvuduko iterwa.
7. Igipimo cy'ubukana bwa Webster: Ihame rya Webster ni igipimo cy'icyuma gikomeye gifite imiterere runaka, gishyirwa hejuru y'icyitegererezo hifashishijwe imbaraga zisanzwe zo gupima impeshyi.
8. Igipimo cy'ubukana bwa Barcol: Ni igipimo cy'ubukana bw'ubukana. Gishyira agace runaka k'ubukana mu gipimo hakoreshejwe imbaraga zisanzwe z'impeshyi, kandi kikagena ubukana bw'icyitegererezo ukurikije uburebure bw'agace k'ubukana.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-24-2023
