Uburyo bwo gupima inkweto za feri zikoreshwa mu byuma bicukurwa (Guhitamo inkweto za feri mu gupima ubukana bwazo)

Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gupima ibyuma bikoreshwa mu nkweto za feri bigomba kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho: ICS 45.060.20. Iri hame rivuga ko isuzuma ry’imiterere y’ibikoresho rigabanyijemo ibice bibiri:

1. Ikizamini cyo gukurura

Bigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe ibiteganywa na ISO 6892-1:2019. Ibipimo n'ubwiza bw'ibipimo byo gukurura bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa na ISO 185:2005.

2. Uburyo bwo gupima ubukomere

Bigomba gushyirwa mu bikorwa hakurikijwe ISO 6506-1:2014. Ingero z'ubukomere zigomba gucibwa mu gice cyo hasi cy'umurongo w'igerageza wihariye; niba nta murongo w'igerageza uhari, hagomba gufatwa inkweto imwe ya feri, hagati ya mm 6 na mm 10 hagashyirwa ku ruhande rwayo, kandi ubukomere bugomba gupimwa ku manota 4 y'igerageza, aho impuzandengo ari igisubizo cy'igerageza.

Uburyo bwo gupima ubukomere

ISO 6506-1:2014 “Ibikoresho by'icyuma – Ikizamini cyo gukomera kwa Brinell – Igice cya 1: Uburyo bwo gupima” isobanura ihame, ibimenyetso n'ibisobanuro, ibikoresho byo gupima, ingero, uburyo bwo gupima, kutamenya neza ibisubizo na raporo y'ikizamini cy'ikizamini cyo gukomera kwa Brinell ku bikoresho by'icyuma.

2.1 Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gupima: Igipimo cy'ubukomere bwa Brinell (Byasabwe mbere na mbere)

Ibyiza: Agace k'aho icyuma gishongeshejwe ni kanini, gashobora kugaragaza ubukana rusange bw'icyuma gishongeshejwe (icyuma gishongeshejwe gishobora kuba gifite imiterere idahuye), kandi ibisubizo biragaragara neza.

Ikwiriye icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gikozwe mu cyuma giciriritse n'igikozwe mu cyuma gito (HB 80 - 450), gikubiyemo inkweto za feri zikozwe mu cyuma gikozwe mu cyuma.

Igikorwa cyoroshye cyane, kandi ibisabwa kugira ngo icyitegererezo gisohoke ni gito cyane (muri rusange Ra 1.6 - 6.3μm irahagije).

2.2 Ihame ry'ikizamini cy'ubukomere bwa Brinell

Ihame rishobora gusobanurwa muri ubu buryo bukurikira: Umupira ukomeye w’icyuma (cyangwa umupira w’icyuma uzimye) ufite umurambararo wa mm 10 ushyirwa hejuru y’ingero hakoreshejwe imbaraga runaka zo gupima (nk’ibiro 3000). Nyuma yo gupima umurambararo w’icyuma, agaciro k’ubukana (HBW) kabarwa kugira ngo kagaragaze ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho mu kurwanya kwangirika kwa pulasitiki. Inyungu yabyo y’ingenzi iri mu buryo bugaragara bw’ibisubizo, bushobora kugaragaza imiterere y’ubukana bw’ibikoresho. Ni uburyo busanzwe bukoreshwa cyane mu igerageza ry’imikorere y’ibikoresho by’icyuma.

2.3 Ibimenyetso n'ibisobanuro by'agaciro k'ubukomere bwa Brinell

Igisobanuro cy'ingenzi cy'agaciro k'ubukana bwa Brinell (HBW) ni: igipimo cy'imbaraga z'igerageza (F) ku buso bw'inyuma (A), hamwe n'igice cya MPa (ariko akenshi igice ntikigaragara, kandi hakoreshwa agaciro k'imibare gusa). Ifishi yo kubara ni iyi ikurikira: HBW=πD(D−D2−d2​)2×0.102×F
Aho:

F ni imbaraga y'igerageza (igice: N);

D ni umurambararo wa indenter (igice: mm);

d ni umurambararo mpuzandengo w'umurambararo (igipimo: mm);

Igipimo "0.102″" ni ikintu gikoreshwa mu guhindura imbaraga z'igerageza kuva kuri kgf kugera kuri N (iyo kibazwe muri N, formula ishobora koroshywa).

Bigaragara muri formula ko munsi y’imbaraga zimwe zo gupima n’umurambararo umwe w’inyuma, uko umurambararo muto w’inyuma, niko ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho bwo kurwanya ihindagurika rya pulasitiki bukomera, kandi uko agaciro k’ubukomere bwa Brinell kaba kanini; ku rundi ruhande, agaciro k’ubukomere kaba kagabanuka.

Dukurikije imiterere y'inkweto za feri zikozwe mu cyuma gishongeshejwe (icyuma cy'umukara gishongeshejwe), ibipimo by'ikizamini cy'ubukana bwa Brinell ubusanzwe ni ibi bikurikira:

Imbaraga zo gupima (F): Muri rusange, 3000kgf (29.42kN) irakoreshwa, kandi ikimenyetso cy'ubukana gihuye ni "HBW 10/3000".

Icyitonderwa: Niba icyitegererezo ari gito cyangwa ibikoresho byoroshye, imbaraga z'ikizamini zishobora guhindurwa (nk'ingano ya 1500kgf cyangwa 500kgf) hakurikijwe ISO 6506-1:2014, ariko ibi bigomba kugaragazwa muri raporo y'ikizamini.