Ubukonje bwa Rockwell HRA HRB HRC HRD

Igipimo cy'ubukana bwa Rockwell cyavumbuwe na Stanley Rockwell mu 1919 kugira ngo apime vuba ubukana bw'ibikoresho by'icyuma.

(1) HRA

① Uburyo n'amahame yo gupima: ·Ikizamini cy'ubukomere bwa HRA gikoresha agace k'icyuma gapima diyama kugira ngo gatere hejuru y'ikintu kiri munsi y'umutwaro wa kg 60, kandi kikagena agaciro k'ubukomere bw'ikintu gipima uburebure bw'igipimo. ② Ubwoko bw'ibikoresho bikoreshwa: ·Byakwiriye cyane cyane ibikoresho bikomeye cyane nka karubide ikozwe muri sima, ceramic n'icyuma gikomeye, ndetse no gupima ubukomere bw'ibikoresho byoroshye n'ibipfuka. ③ Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoreshwa: ·Gukora no kugenzura ibikoresho n'ibipfuka. ·Gupima ubukomere bw'ibikoresho byo gukata. ·Kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'ubukomere bw'ibipfuka n'ibipfuka bito. ④ Ibiranga n'ibyiza: ·Gupima vuba: Ikizamini cy'ubukomere bwa HRA gishobora kubona ibisubizo mu gihe gito kandi gikwiriye kumenyekana vuba ku murongo w'umusaruro. ·Uburyo bwiza cyane: Kubera ikoreshwa ry'ibipfuka bito bya diyama, ibisubizo by'ikizamini bishobora gusubiramo no kuba nyabyo cyane. ·Guhindura ibintu: Bishobora gupima ibikoresho by'imiterere n'ingano zitandukanye, harimo n'ibipfuka bito n'ibipfuka. ⑤ Inyandiko cyangwa imbogamizi: ·Gutegura icyitegererezo: Ubuso bw'icyitegererezo bugomba kuba burambuye kandi busukuye kugira ngo harebwe neza ko ibisubizo byo gupima ari ukuri. ·Ibikoresho bibujijwe: Ntibikwiriye ibikoresho byoroshye cyane kuko igipimo gishobora gukanda cyane icyitegererezo, bigatuma ibisubizo byo gupima bitari byo. Gusana ibikoresho: Ibikoresho byo gupima bigomba gupimwa no kubungabungwa buri gihe kugira ngo harebwe neza kandi ko bihamye.

(2) HRB

① Uburyo n'amahame yo gupima: ·Ikizamini cy'ubukomere cya HRB gikoresha icyuma cya santimetero 1/16 kugira ngo gitere hejuru y'ikintu kiri munsi y'umutwaro wa kg 100, kandi agaciro k'ubukomere bw'ikintu kagenwa no gupima uburebure bw'igikoresho. ② Ubwoko bw'ibikoresho: ·Bikoreshwa ku bikoresho bifite ubukomere buringaniye, nk'umuringa, aluminiyumu n'icyuma cyoroshye, ndetse n'ibyuma bimwe na bimwe byoroshye n'ibitari ibyuma. ③ Ingero zisanzwe zo gukoreshwa: ·Kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'amabati n'imiyoboro y'ibyuma. ·Kugerageza ubukomere bw'ibyuma bitari fer n'aloyi. ·Kugerageza ibikoresho mu nganda z'ubwubatsi n'iz'imodoka. ④ Ibiranga n'ibyiza: ·Ikoreshwa ry'ubwoko bwinshi: Bikoreshwa ku bikoresho bitandukanye by'ibyuma bifite ubukomere buringaniye, cyane cyane icyuma cyoroshye n'icyuma kitari fer. ·Ikizamini cyoroshye: Uburyo bwo gupima ni bworoshye kandi bwihuse, bukwiriye gupimwa byihuse ku murongo wo gukora. ·Ibisubizo bihamye: Kubera gukoresha icyuma cya fer, ibisubizo by'ikizamini bifite uburambe bwiza kandi bisubirwamo. ⑤ Inyandiko cyangwa imbogamizi: ·Gutegura icyitegererezo: Ubuso bw'icyitegererezo bugomba kuba bworoshye kandi butambitse kugira ngo harebwe neza ko ibisubizo byo gupima ari ukuri. ·Imbibi z'ubukomere: Ntibikoreshwa ku bikoresho bikomeye cyane cyangwa byoroshye cyane, kuko igipimo gishobora kudashobora gupima neza ubukomere bw'ibi bikoresho. · Kubungabunga ibikoresho: Ibikoresho byo gupima bigomba gupimwa no kubungabungwa buri gihe kugira ngo harebwe neza kandi ko ari ukuri gupima.

(3) HRC

① Uburyo n'amahame yo gupima: · Ikizamini cyo gukomera cya HRC gikoresha agace k'icyuma gakoresha diyama kugira ngo gatere hejuru y'ikintu kiri munsi y'umutwaro wa kg 150, kandi agaciro k'ubukomere bw'ikintu kagenwa no gupima uburebure bw'igikoresho. ② Ubwoko bw'ibikoresho bikoreshwa: · Bikwiriye cyane cyane ibikoresho bikomeye, nk'icyuma gikomeye, karubide ikozwe muri sima, icyuma cy'ibikoresho n'ibindi bikoresho by'icyuma gikomeye. ③ Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha: · Gukora no kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho byo gukata n'ibibumbano. · Gupima ubukomere bw'icyuma gikomeye. · Kugenzura ibikoresho, amaberari n'ibindi bice by'icyuma bikomeye. ④ Ibiranga n'ibyiza: · Ubuhanga buhanitse: Ikizamini cyo gukomera cya HRC gifite ubuziranenge buhanitse kandi gishobora gusubiramo, kandi gikwiriye gupima ubukomere bufite ibisabwa bikomeye. · Gupima vuba: Ibisubizo by'ikizamini bishobora kuboneka mu gihe gito, bikwiriye igenzura ryihuse ku murongo w'umusaruro. · Gukoresha mu buryo bwagutse: Bikwiriye gupimwa ibikoresho bitandukanye bikomeye, cyane cyane icyuma gishyushye n'icyuma cy'ibikoresho. ⑤ Inyandiko cyangwa imbogamizi: · Gutegura icyitegererezo: Ubuso bw'icyitegererezo bugomba kuba burambuye kandi busukuye kugira ngo harebwe neza ko ibisubizo byo gupima ari ukuri. Inzitizi ku bikoresho: Ntibikwiriye ibikoresho byoroshye cyane, kuko agace k'ibuye gashobora gukandagira mu cyitegererezo, bigatuma ibisubizo byo gupima bitari byo. Kubungabunga ibikoresho: Ibikoresho byo gupima bisaba gupima no kubungabunga buri gihe kugira ngo harebwe neza kandi ko bihamye.

(4) Umukozi Ushinzwe Abakozi (HRD)

① Uburyo n'amahame yo gupima: ·Ikizamini cy'ubukomere bwa HRD gikoresha agace k'icyuma gakoresha diyama kugira ngo gatere hejuru y'ibikoresho munsi y'umutwaro wa kg 100, kandi agaciro k'ubukomere bw'ibikoresho kagenwa no gupima uburebure bw'aho bishyirwa. ② Ubwoko bw'ibikoresho bikoreshwa: ·Byakwiriye cyane cyane ibikoresho bifite ubukomere bwinshi ariko biri munsi y'urwego rwa HRC, nk'ibyuma bimwe na bimwe n'ibyuma bikomeye. ③ Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha: ·Gusuzuma ubuziranenge no gupima ubukomere bw'icyuma. ·Gupima ubukomere bw'ibyuma bifite ubukomere buri hagati kugeza kuri hejuru. ·Gupima ibikoresho n'ibihumyo, cyane cyane ku bikoresho bifite ubukomere buri hagati kugeza kuri hejuru. ④ Ibiranga n'ibyiza: ·Umutwaro uringaniye: Igipimo cya HRD gikoresha umutwaro muto (kg 100) kandi gikwiriye ibikoresho bifite ubukomere buri hagati kugeza kuri hejuru. ·Gusubiramo cyane: Agace k'icyuma gatanga ibisubizo bihamye kandi bishobora gusubiramo cyane. ·Gukoresha neza: Bikoreshwa mu gupima ubukomere bw'ibikoresho bitandukanye, cyane cyane ibiri hagati ya HRA na HRC. ⑤ Inyandiko cyangwa imbogamizi: ·Gutegura icyitegererezo: Ubuso bw'icyitegererezo bugomba kuba burambuye kandi busukuye kugira ngo harebwe neza ko ibisubizo byo gupima ari ukuri. Inzitizi ku bikoresho: Ku bikoresho bikomeye cyane cyangwa byoroshye, HRD ishobora kuba atari yo mahitamo akwiye. Kubungabunga ibikoresho: Ibikoresho byo gupima bisaba gupima no kubungabunga buri gihe kugira ngo harebwe ko ibipimo ari ukuri kandi byizerwa.