Kuvura ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bigabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri: kimwe ni ukuzimya hejuru no kuvura ubushyuhe, naho ubundi ni imiti ivura ubushyuhe.Uburyo bwo gupima ubukana nuburyo bukurikira:
1. kuzimya hejuru no kuvura ubushyuhe
Kuzimya hejuru no kugabanya ubushyuhe ubusanzwe bikorwa no gushyushya induction cyangwa gushyushya umuriro.Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya tekinike nubuso bukomeye, ubukomere bwaho hamwe nuburinganire bukomeye.Ikizamini cya Vickers cyangwa Ikizamini cya Rockwell gishobora gukoreshwa mugupima ubukana.Imbaraga zigeragezwa Guhitamo bifitanye isano nuburebure bwurwego rukomeye rukomeye hamwe nubuso bukomeye bwakazi.Hano hari imashini eshatu zikomeye zirimo hano.
.Irashobora gukoresha imbaraga zigeragezwa ya 0.5-100KG kugirango igerageze hejuru igakomera hejuru yubunini bwa 0.05mm.Ubusobanuro bwabwo buri hejuru kandi burashobora gutandukanya ibihangano bikoreshwa nubushyuhe.Itandukaniro rito mubukomere bwubuso, hiyongereyeho, ubujyakuzimu bwurwego rukomeye rukomeye nabwo bugaragazwa nuwagerageje gukomera kwa Vickers, bityo rero birakenewe ko hapimwa ibizamini bya Vickers kubice bikora gutunganya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyangwa gukoresha umubare munini yo gutunganya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
.Hano hari umunzani eshatu kubuso bwa Rockwell igerageza guhitamo.Irashobora kugerageza ibice bitandukanye bikomye kumurimo ufite uburemere bwimbitse burenze 0.1mm.Nubwo ubunyangamugayo bwo gupima ubukana bwa Rockwell butari hejuru nkubwa Vickers igerageza, burashobora kuzuza ibisabwa nkuburyo bwo gutahura imicungire yubuziranenge no kugenzura ibyangombwa bivura ubushyuhe.. Usibye, ifite kandi ibiranga imikorere yoroshye, gukoresha neza, igiciro gito, gupima byihuse, no gusoma mu buryo butaziguye indangagaciro zikomeye.Ubuso bwa Rockwell igerageza irashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwihuse kandi budasenya ibyiciro byubushuhe bukorerwa hamwe nubutaka.Ningirakamaro cyane mugutunganya ibyuma ninganda zikora imashini.Iyo ubushyuhe bwo hejuru butunganijwe buringaniye, ibizamini bya Rockwell birashobora kandi gukoreshwa.Iyo ubushyuhe bwo kuvura ubushyuhe buringaniye ni 0.4-0.8mm, igipimo cya HRA kirashobora gukoreshwa.Iyo ubujyakuzimu bwimbitse Iyo burenze 0.8mm, igipimo cya HRC kirashobora gukoreshwa.Vickers, Rockwell na superficial Rockwell indangagaciro eshatu zisanzwe zirashobora guhinduka muburyo bworoshye, bigahinduka mubipimo, gushushanya cyangwa indangagaciro zikomeye zisabwa nabakoresha, kandi imbonerahamwe ijyanye nayo iri murwego mpuzamahanga ISO.Hatanzwe ASTM y'Abanyamerika hamwe na GB / T isanzwe y'Ubushinwa.
.Mugihe cyo gupima, hagomba kwitonderwa hejuru yubuso hamwe nubunini muri rusange bwakazi.Ubu buryo bwo gupima ntabwo bufite Vickers na Rockwell Ikizamini cyo gukomera nukuri, ariko kirakwiriye gupimirwa ahakorerwa muruganda.
2. kuvura ubushyuhe bwimiti
Kuvura ubushyuhe bwa chimique nugucengera hejuru yakazi hamwe na atome yikintu kimwe cyangwa byinshi byimiti, bityo bigahindura imiterere yimiterere, imiterere nimikorere yubuso bwakazi.Nyuma yo kuzimya n'ubushyuhe buke, ubuso bwakazi bufite ubukana bwinshi no kwambara birwanya.no guhuza imbaraga z'umunaniro, kandi intangiriro yibikorwa bifite imbaraga nyinshi no gukomera.Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya tekinike yibikorwa byo gutunganya ubushyuhe bwa chimique ni ubujyakuzimu bwurwego rukomeye hamwe nuburemere bwubuso.Intera aho ubukana bugabanuka kugera kuri 50HRC nuburyo bukomeye bwimbitse.Ikigeragezo cyo hejuru yubushyuhe bwa chimique ivura ibihangano bisa nubushakashatsi bukomeye bwubushyuhe bwo kuzimya ubushyuhe bwakorewe.Abagerageza gukomera kwa Vickers, hejuru yubushakashatsi bwa Rockwell cyangwa ibizamini bya Rockwell birashobora gukoreshwa.Ikizamini cyo gukomera kugirango umenye, gusa umubyimba wa nitriding muremure ni muto, mubisanzwe ntabwo urenze 0.7mm, noneho ikizamini cya Rockwell ntigishobora gukoreshwa.
3. kuvura ubushyuhe bwaho
Niba ibice byo gutunganya ubushyuhe bwaho bisaba ubukana bwaho, kuvura ubushyuhe bwaho birashobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe gushyushya induction, nibindi. Ibice nkibi mubisanzwe bigomba kwerekana umwanya wokuzimya ubushyuhe bwaho hamwe nuburemere bwaho mugushushanya, hamwe nubukomere. ikizamini cyibice kigomba gukorerwa ahabigenewe, igikoresho cyo gupima ubukana kirashobora gukoresha igeragezwa rya Rockwell kugirango igerageze agaciro ka HRC.Niba ubushyuhe bwo kuvura bwakomerekejwe ni buke, hejuru yubushakashatsi bwa Rockwell burashobora gukoreshwa mugupima agaciro ka HRN.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-22-2023
