kuvura ubushyuhe bukabije bigabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri: kimwe ni ukuzimya hejuru no kugabanya ubushyuhe, naho ubundi ni imiti ivura ubushyuhe.Uburyo bwo gupima ubukana nuburyo bukurikira:
1. kuzimya hejuru no kuvura ubushyuhe
kuzimya hejuru no kugabanya ubushyuhe ubusanzwe bikorwa no gushyushya induction cyangwa gushyushya umuriro.Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya tekiniki nuburemere bwikirenga, ubukomere bwaho hamwe nuburinganire bukomeye.Ikizamini cya Vickers cyangwa Ikizamini cya Rockwell gishobora gukoreshwa mugupima ubukana.Imbaraga zigeragezwa Guhitamo bifitanye isano nuburebure bwurwego rukomeye rukomeye hamwe nuburemere bwikirenga bwakazi.Hano hari imashini eshatu zikomeye zirimo hano.
.Irashobora gukoresha imbaraga zigeragezwa za 0.5-100KG kugirango igerageze igorofa yo hejuru ikomera nkubunini bwa 0.05mm.Ubusobanuro bwabwo buri hejuru kandi burashobora gutandukanya ibihangano bikoreshwa nubushyuhe.Itandukaniro rito mubikomeye bitagaragara, byongeyeho, ubujyakuzimu bwurwego rukomeye rwanagaragajwe nuwagerageje gukomera kwa Vickers, bityo rero birakenewe ko hajyaho ibizamini bya Vickers bigerageza kubice bitunganya ubushyuhe bukabije cyangwa gukoresha umubare munini y'ibikoresho byo gutunganya ubushyuhe bukabije.
.Hariho umunzani itatu kubigeragezo bya Rockwell bigoye guhitamo.Irashobora kugerageza ibintu bitandukanye bikomye hejuru yibikorwa byimbaraga zayo zikomeye zirenga 0.1mm.Nubwo ubunyangamugayo bwibizamini bya Rockwell bitagaragara cyane ntabwo biri hejuru nkibya Vickers bipimisha, birashobora kuba byujuje ibisabwa nkuburyo bwo gutahura uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge no kugenzura ibyangombwa by’inganda zitunganya ubushyuhe.. Usibye, ifite kandi ibiranga imikorere yoroshye, gukoresha neza, igiciro gito, gupima byihuse, no gusoma mu buryo butaziguye indangagaciro zikomeye.Ikizamini cyibanze cya Rockwell kirashobora gukoreshwa mugushakisha byihuse kandi bidasenya ibyiciro byimikorere yubushyuhe butunganijwe kumurimo umwe umwe.Ningirakamaro cyane mugutunganya ibyuma ninganda zikora imashini.Iyo ubushyuhe bwikirenga bwo kuvura bwarushijeho kuba bubyibushye, ibizamini bya Rockwell birashobora kandi gukoreshwa.Iyo ubushyuhe bwo kuvura ubushyuhe buringaniye ni 0.4-0.8mm, igipimo cya HRA kirashobora gukoreshwa.Iyo ubujyakuzimu bwimbitse Iyo burenze 0.8mm, igipimo cya HRC kirashobora gukoreshwa.Vickers, Rockwell na superficial Rockwell indangagaciro eshatu zisanzwe zirashobora guhinduka muburyo bworoshye, bigahinduka mubipimo, gushushanya cyangwa indangagaciro zikomeye zisabwa nabakoresha, kandi imbonerahamwe ijyanye nayo iri murwego mpuzamahanga ISO.Hatanzwe ASTM y'Abanyamerika hamwe na GB / T isanzwe y'Ubushinwa.
.Mugihe cyo gupima, hagomba kwitonderwa kurangiza bitagaragara hamwe nubunini rusange bwibikorwa.Ubu buryo bwo gupima ntabwo bufite Vickers na Rockwell Ikizamini cyo gukomera nukuri, ariko kirakwiriye gupimirwa ahakorerwa muruganda.
2 kuvura ubushyuhe
Kuvura ubushyuhe bwa chimique nugucengera hejuru yumurimo hamwe na atome yikintu kimwe cyangwa byinshi byimiti, bityo bigahindura imiterere yimiterere, imiterere nimikorere yibikorwa byakazi.Nyuma yo kuzimya no kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe buke, hejuru yibikorwa byakazi bifite ubukana bwinshi no kwihanganira kwambara.no guhuza imbaraga z'umunaniro, kandi intangiriro yibikorwa bifite imbaraga nyinshi no gukomera.Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya tekinike yibikorwa byo gutunganya ubushyuhe bwa chimique ni ubujyakuzimu bwurwego rukomeye hamwe nuburemere bukabije.Intera aho ubukana bugabanuka kugera kuri 50HRC nuburyo bukomeye bwimbitse.Ikizamini cyikigereranyo cyubushyuhe bwimiti ivura ibihangano bisa nikigeragezo gikomeye cyubushyuhe bwo kuzimya ubushyuhe butunganijwe.Abagerageza gukomera kwa Vickers, ibizamini bya Rockwell birenze urugero cyangwa ibizamini bya Rockwell.Ikizamini cyo gukomera kugirango umenye, gusa umubyimba wa nitriding muremure ni muto, mubisanzwe ntabwo urenze 0.7mm, noneho ikizamini cya Rockwell ntigishobora gukoreshwa.
3. kuvura ubushyuhe bwaho
Niba ibice byo gutunganya ubushyuhe bwaho bisaba ubukana bwaho, kuvura ubushyuhe bwaho birashobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe gushyushya induction, nibindi. Ibice nkibi mubisanzwe bigomba kwerekana umwanya wokuzimya ubushyuhe bwaho hamwe nuburemere bwaho mugushushanya, hamwe nubukomere. ikizamini cyibice kigomba gukorerwa ahabigenewe, igikoresho cyo gupima ubukana kirashobora gukoresha igeragezwa rya Rockwell kugirango igerageze agaciro ka HRC.Niba uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bwakomye ari buke, igeragezwa ryikigereranyo cya Rockwell rirashobora gukoreshwa mugupima agaciro ka HRN
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-16-2023
