Mu gihe ukoresha icyuma gikata neza mu gukata ibikoresho by'akazi, ni ngombwa guhitamo ibyuma bikata bihuye n'imiterere y'ibikoresho by'igikoresho hashingiwe ku bikoresho bitandukanye, kugira ngo ugere ku musaruro mwiza wo gukata. Hasi aha, turaganira ku guhitamo ibyuma bikata mu buryo butatu:
1. Guhitamo bishingiye ku miterere y'ibikoresho
1) Ku bikoresho by'icyuma nk'icyuma, icyuma, n'ibyuma bivanze, hagomba gukoreshwa ibyuma bikata bifatanye na resin. Ubunini bwabyo busanzwe buri hagati ya mm 1-2, bikaba bikwiye mu gukata neza ibikoresho by'icyuma nk'icyuma gikomeye. Agace gafite ingaruka ku bushyuhe karakoreshwa no mu guca neza ibintu nk'icyuma gipima. Byongeye kandi, kwangirika kw'ibica bishobora kugabanuka neza hahinduwe umuvuduko w'ibiryo.
2) Ku bikoresho bidakoresha icyuma nk'ibumba n'ibirahure, hakenewe ibyuma byo gukata diyama. Ibi byuma bifite ubukana bwinshi bw'ibinyampeke n'ubushobozi bwiza bwo gutwara ubushyuhe, bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika k'ubushyuhe.
3) Mu nganda za semiconductor, integrated circuit, na PCB, ibyuma byo gukata diyama bikozwe mu buryo bworoshye cyane bikoreshwa cyane mu kugenzura ubuziranenge no gusesengura amakosa.
2. Guhitamo hashingiwe ku bisabwa ku gukata ubuso n'ibisabwa ku buryo bwo gukora neza
1) Iyo igikoresho kidasaba guhindura imiterere y'ikintu cyangwa isuku yo hejuru, hitamo ibyuma bito byo gukata (ubugari: 0.3-1.0 mm). Ibi byuma bigabanya urwego rwo gukata rwangiritse kandi byoroshya ibikorwa byo gusya nyuma.
2) Iyo ukeneye umuvuduko mwinshi wo gukata no gukora neza, hitamo ibyuma binini byo gukata (ubunini: mm 1.2-3.0). Ibi byuma bifite ubukana bwinshi, ntabwo byoroshye kubica, kandi birakwiriye gukata mu buryo butunguranye.
3. Guhitamo bishingiye ku gukomera kw'ibikoresho
Ubukana bw'icyuma gikoreshwa mu gukora bugena neza uburyo icyuma gikoreshwa mu gukora. Hagati aho, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibisabwa ku byuma bito cyangwa binini (hashingiwe ku bwiza/ubushobozi bw'ubuso). Uko icyuma gikoreshwa mu gukora kiba kinini, ni ko icyuma gikoreshwa mu gukora kirushaho kudashira no gukomera.
1) Ibikoresho bikomeye cyane (＞HRC 50, urugero: icyuma gikomeye, karubide ikozwe muri sima, icyuma gifite karuboni nyinshi)
Ibyuma byo gukata bikwiriye: Ibyuma byo gukata bya diyama cyangwa ibyuma byo gukata bya cubic boron nitride (CBN)
Ubunini busabwa: Ibyuma binini (1.2-3.0 mm) bihabwa umwanya wa mbere. Bifite ubushobozi bwo gukomera no kudasaza, bishobora gukumira gucika mu gihe cyo gukata. Ibyuma bikomeye bikunda kwangirika ku byuma bisanzwe byo gukata, bityo ibikoresho bidasaza bishobora gutuma ibyuma bikata neza; imiterere yabyo irakwiriye mu gukata cyane.
2) Imashini zikoreshwa mu gukomera guciriritse (HRC 30-50, urugero: icyuma gisanzwe cya karuboni, icyuma gishongeshejwe, icyuma kitagira umugese)
Ibyuma byo gukata bikwiriye: Ibyuma byo gukata diyama bifatanye na resin cyangwa ibyuma byo gukata alumina byiza cyane
Ubunini busabwa: Guhitamo byoroshye — hitamo ibyuma bito (0.3-1.0 mm) kugira ngo bisukure ubuso, cyangwa ibyuma binini (1.2-3.0 mm) kugira ngo bitunganywe. Kubera ko ubukana bw'ibikoresho ari buke, ibyuma bisanzwe byo gukata bidashira bishobora guhaza ibyifuzo byo gukata, kandi ibyuma bito/binini bishobora guhuzwa hakurikijwe ubwiza bw'ubuso cyangwa ibisabwa mu gukora neza.
3) Imashini zikora zidakomera cyane (
Ibyuma byo gukata bikwiriye: Ibyuma bisanzwe byo gukata alumina cyangwa ibyuma bito byo gukata diyama
Ubunini busabwa: Ibyuma bito bihabwa umwanya wa mbere (mm 0.3-0.8); ibyuma bya mm 1.0 bishobora gutoranywa kuri bimwe mu bikoresho. Ibyuma bito bito bikunze gufatana n'ibikoresho no kubihindura; ibyuma bito bigabanya aho bihurira, birinda gufatana n'ibikoresho no kwangirika kw'ibikoresho. Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gukata birahagije kugira ngo bihuze n'ibikenewe mu gukata.
Ibisobanuro bya nyuma byo guhitamo icyuma gikata:
Ingaruka zo gukata n'igihe cyo gukoresha ibyuma bikoreshwa muri rusange bizagabanuka cyane iyo bikoreshejwe ku bikoresho runaka.
Urushinge rwo gukata rugomba gutoranywa hakurikijwe imiterere y'icyuma gikata ibyuma kiri gukoreshwa. Urugero, irinde gukoresha ibyuma binini byo gukata ku byuma bikata ibyuma bikoresha ingufu nke uko bishoboka kose, kuko bishobora gutuma moteri iremereye cyane cyangwa icyuma gikata kikavunika.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-12-2025
